Arsenic Contamination and Salinity intrusion: The Hydrological Problem in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a land of rivers and many rivers flow to the Bay of Bengal through the landmass of Bangladesh. There are many hydrological problems in Bangladesh. Arsenic Contamination and Salinity intrusion in Bangladesh.

Arsenic Contamination:

Most of the aquifers in Bangladesh are shallow. The Arsenic concentration has been found throughout the country especially in the central part of Bangladesh. The people are suffering from Arsenic poison through the drinking water. Some NGO and government organisations are working to find out the actual source of the contamination and try to increase social awareness to avoid arsenic contaminated water for drinking purposes. The actual causes of the Arsenic concentration has not been identified in Bangladesh. There are two hypotheses so far known to the scientist. One, the source of the Arsenic is from the underground rocks. When the ground water table falls then Arsenic enriched minerals react with the air and after the groundwater research again Arsenic mixes with the groundwater. Another hypothesis is that, As comes from the industrial chemicals and mixed with the groundwater.

Salinity Intrusion

In the southern part of Bangladesh the saline water intrusion is the main problem for the groundwater. The people cannot drink water due to high salinity and agriculture production has been hampered due to the saline water. Some industrial effluent mixing with the groundwater causes the underground water harmful for the drinking purpose.

How to mitigate this problem:

Scientist are working many years to identify the groundwater quality, assess and find the suitability of the groundwater for the drinking and irrigation purpose. Now, they need more knowledge and need to be more skilful for their research career. They need more funds for continue their research work with advanced knowledge. The applied knowledge to learn more about groundwater quality, assessment and monitoring to serve the nation. There is a much scope for research about the groundwater quality assessment and monitoring in the southern part of Bangladesh.