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Digital Map of Bangladesh of 1971 FREE PDF

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Digital Map of Bangladesh of 1971 FREE PDF

I was looking for the digital map of Bangladesh for many days but I have prepared it by myself using the illustrator cc. In this HD map, you will get the map of Asia Bangladesh during the liberation war in Pakistan and Bangladesh. 

This is the map of Bangladesh and India because surrounding Bangladesh west Bengal, Tripura, and Meghalaya in India are located. I have added all the transportation developed in Bangladesh in 1971. Bangladesh had less than 64 districts then, among them, Magura, Meherpur, and Jhenida, are not districts like today (Districts of Bangladesh).

Digital Map of Bangladesh
Fig: The Digital Map of Bangladesh is prepared by Dr. Raman Kumar Biswas. Download the HD version of this map. This is the map of Bangladesh during the liberation war in 1971 showing the transportation route and the major districts and sub-divisions.

The Digital Map of Bangladesh (transportation) in 1971:

Download the Adobe Illustrator version (.ai)  (.svg) of Digital Map of Bangladesh.ai This is the map of Bangladesh during the liberation war in 1971 showing the transportation route and the major districts and sub-divisions. During the liberation war in Bangladesh, there are not 64 districts in the east Pakisthan, recent Bangladesh. The major cities are

  1. Dacca
  2. Chittagong
  3. Khulna
  4. Rajshahi
  5. Sylhet
  6. Barisal
  7. Rangpur
  8. Mymensingh
  9. Comilla
  10. Narayanganj
  11. Gazipur
  12. Narsingdi
  13. Tongi
  14. Cox’s Bazar
  15. Jessore
  16. Faridpur and so on.

The transportation system in Bangladesh (See details in the Map included)

In 1971, the transportation system in Bangladesh was not as developed and extensive as it is today. The country was still in its early stages of development after gaining independence from Pakistan. However, here are some transportation modes that were prevalent during that time:
  • Roads:

The road network in 1971 consisted of mainly unpaved or poorly maintained roads. Major cities and towns were connected by a limited number of highways and paved roads. The condition of rural roads was generally poor, making transportation challenging, especially during monsoon seasons.
  • Railways:

The railway system in Bangladesh was operational in 1971, although it was limited in terms of coverage and infrastructure. The rail network connected major cities and towns, and it was primarily used for transporting goods and passengers over long distances.
  • Waterways:

Bangladesh has an extensive network of rivers, making waterways an important mode of transportation even in 1971. Rivers like the Padma (Ganges), Jamuna (Brahmaputra), and Meghna served as major transportation routes for boats and ferries, connecting different parts of the country.
  • Airways:

The aviation industry was still in its early stages in 1971. The major airports, such as Shahjalal International Airport in Dhaka and Shah Amanat International Airport in Chittagong, existed but with limited domestic and international flight connections.
  • Rickshaws:

Non-motorized rickshaws were a common mode of transport in urban areas, especially in Dhaka and other cities. These manually pulled or cycle-pulled vehicles provided short-distance transportation within city limits.
 
It’s important to note that the transportation infrastructure and modes have significantly evolved and expanded since 1971. Bangladesh has made substantial progress in developing its road networks, railways, airports, and waterways to facilitate better connectivity and transportation across the country.
 

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Geological Map of Chapainawabgonj district

We know that a geological map is a special-purpose map made to show various geological features such as rock types, Faults, Folds, etc. The provided geological map is produced by ArcGIS 10.5 software. As far as I am concerned this is the first attempt to create a geological map of the Chapainawabgonj district.

NB: If you require any further information, feel free to contact me for HD Map.

More Map of Bangladesh

Digital Map of Bangladesh of 1971 FREE PDF

⇒ চাঁপাইনবাবগঞ্জ সদর উপজেলার map

⇒ Geologic Map of Nawabganj-Rajshahi-Natore-Naogaon


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Geological Map
Fig: Geological Map of Chapainawabgonj district.

Geologic map of Bangladesh:

Geologic maps basically show the distribution of several types of rock and surficial deposits, and the locations of geologic structures, for example, faults and folds.
Furthermore, these maps are the main source of information for various aspects of geological fieldwork, and land-use planning, including the siting of buildings and transportation systems.
The provided geological maps illustrate that the area mainly consists of alluvial sand, silt, and clay. A significant fault is present between Pabna and Godagari Upazila, where Barind clay residuum and alluvial sit are separated.
I believe that these will assist to depict geology in detail of a special area, particularly a 4th-year research project.
Geologic Map of
Fig: Geologic Map of Bangladesh. Geologic Map of Nawabganj Rajshahi Natore Naogaon

More Geologic Map of Bangladesh

⇒ চাঁপাইনবাবগঞ্জ সদর উপজেলার map Geological Map of Chapainawabgonj district

Digital Map of Bangladesh 

 Digital Map of Bangladesh of 1971 FREE PDF

The location map of Patuakhali Science and Technology University

The location map (LM) of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) was developed using remote sensing techniques (Cartalinx and ArcGIS Software) on 19 July 2011 (1st Ed.) with proper approval and funding from the university authority of PSTU https://www.pstu.ac.bd The 1st edition was named the ‘Digital Map of PSTU’.
Then the 2nd and 3rd edition was updated on 27 March 2014 and 9 January 2019 respectively. The 2nd and 3rd edition was named as ‘Guide Map’ and ‘Location Map’ accordingly.
The location map has been prepared by Md. Shamsuzzoha, Associate Professor of PSTU continuously since 2011 for guiding all students, teachers, other employees, and visitors to find their destination point within the university campus (located at Dumki sub-district of the Patuakhali District in Bangladesh).

The location map of Patuakhali Science and Technology University

Patuakhali Science and Technology University: Where Innovation Meets Excellence
Patuakhali Science and Technology University
The Map of Patuakhali Science and Technology University
Welcome to the world of academic innovation and excellence – Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU). Situated in the serene landscapes of Patuakhali, Bangladesh, PSTU is more than just an institution; it’s a beacon of hope for aspiring scholars and a hub for groundbreaking research.

The Journey Begins

At Patuakhali Science and Technology University, our journey starts with a commitment to providing high-quality education in the fields of science and technology. Founded in [year of establishment], PSTU has consistently evolved to meet the dynamic demands of the modern educational landscape.

Academic Excellence

PSTU has earned a reputation for academic excellence, and rightfully so. Our dedicated faculty members, state-of-the-art laboratories, and cutting-edge research facilities ensure that students receive a world-class education. Our programs cover a wide spectrum, from engineering to agriculture, creating well-rounded graduates ready to take on the challenges of the real world.

Innovation and Research

Innovation is the lifeblood of PSTU. Our university encourages a culture of innovation and research. We believe that true learning comes from not just studying textbooks but also exploring the uncharted territories of knowledge. Our research centers and projects have made significant contributions to various fields, making PSTU a name to reckon with in the academic world.

Campus Life

Life at PSTU is not just about academics. Our vibrant campus is a melting pot of cultures, ideas, and experiences. We believe in holistic development, and that’s why we offer a wide range of extracurricular activities. Whether it’s sports, clubs, or cultural events, there’s something for everyone at PSTU.

Community Engagement

At PSTU, we believe in giving back to the community. We actively engage in outreach programs, helping local communities through various initiatives. This not only enriches the lives of our students but also creates a positive impact on society.

Alumni Success Stories

Our success can be measured by the achievements of our alumni. Graduates of PSTU have gone on to make their mark in various industries around the world. From renowned scientists to successful entrepreneurs, our alumni embody the spirit of excellence instilled in them during their time at PSTU.
Patuakhali Science and Technology University is not just an institution; it’s a journey of knowledge, innovation, and transformation. We invite you to be a part of this incredible journey and experience education like never before. Join us at PSTU, where excellence knows no bounds.
Whether you’re a prospective student, a curious parent, or simply someone interested in the world of education, PSTU welcomes you with open arms. Explore our website to learn more about our programs, faculty, and the incredible opportunities that await you. 

চাঁপাইনবাবগঞ্জ জেলার Drainage Density এবং Stream Order ম্যাপ ড্রেনেজ ডেসনেসিটি  ম্যাপ

কিভাবে চ্যানেলগুলি বিভিন্নভাবে নিষ্কাশন করা হয় তার চিত্র নির্দেশ করে (চিত্র 1 এবং চিত্র 2)। উচ্চ ঘনত্ব মান সাধারণত বন্যার ঝুঁকি পূর্ণ এলাকা নির্দেশ করে।
  • Watershed হ’ল জমির একটি অঞ্চল যা জলের জলের বহিঃপ্রবাহ, একটি উপসাগরের মুখ বা কোনও স্ট্রিম চ্যানেলের পাশাপাশি যে কোনও বিন্দুতে একটি সাধারণ আউটলেটে সমস্ত স্রোত এবং বৃষ্টিপাতকে সরিয়ে দেয়।

স্ট্রিম অর্ডার (Stream Order)

  • স্ট্রিম অর্ডার ম্যাপ স্ট্রিম অর্ডার তাদের শাখার সংখ্যার উপর ভিত্তি করে স্ট্রিমের প্রকারগুলি সনাক্ত এবং শ্রেণিবদ্ধ করার জন্য একটি পদ্ধতি (চিত্র 3)
  • উদাহরণস্বরূপ: প্রথম অর্ডার স্রোতগুলি পানির ওভারল্যান্ড প্রবাহের দ্বারা প্রাধান্য পায়; তাদের কোনও প্রবাহিত ঘন প্রবাহ নেই।
  • আপনার যদি আরও কোনও তথ্য প্রয়োজন হয় তবে দয়া করে নির্দ্বিধায় আমার সাথে যোগাযোগ করুন।
চাঁপাইনবাবগঞ্জ জেলার Drainage Density
চাঁপাইনবাবগঞ্জ জেলার Drainage Density
চাঁপাইনবাবগঞ্জ জেলার Drainage Density

Geophysical Disaster of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is most vulnerable to several natural disasters and every year natural calamities upset people’s lives in some part of the country. The major disasters concerned here are the occurrences of flood, cyclones and storm surge, flash flood, drought, tornado, riverbank erosion, and landslide. These extreme natural events are termed disasters when they adversely affect the whole environment, including human beings, their shelters, or the resources essential for their livelihoods.
The geographical setting of Bangladesh makes the country vulnerable to natural disasters. The mountains and hills bordering almost three-fourths of the country, along with the funnel shaped Bay of Bengal in the south, have made the country a meeting place of life-giving monsoon rains, but also makes it subjected to the catastrophic ravages of natural disasters.
Its physiographic and river morphology also contribute to recurring disasters. Abnormal rainfall and earthquakes in the adjacent Himalayan range add to the disaster situation. Effects of El-Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the apprehended climatic change have a great impact on the overall future disaster scenarios.
Since Bangladesh is a disaster-prone country, it is subject to colossal damages to life and property almost every year. The different types of disasters and their impact on the affected areas can broadly be summarized as in the accompanying table below.
Types of Disaster Areas Affected Impact
Flood Floodplains of the Brahmaputra-Jamuna, the Ganges-Padma and the Meghna river system Loss of agricultural production, disruption of communication and livelihood system, injury, damage and destruction of immobile infrastructure, disruption to essential services, national economic loss, evacuation, and loss of human lives and biodiversity, displacement and sufferings of human population.
Cyclone and Storm Surge Coastal areas and offshore islands Loss of agricultural production, disruption of communication and livelihood system, damage and destruction of immobile infrastructure, injury, national economic loss, loss of biodiversity and human lives, need for evacuation and temporary shelter
Tornado Scattered areas of the country Loss of human life and biodiversity, injury, damage and destruction of property, damage of cash crops, disruption in lifestyle, damage to essential services, national economic loss and loss of livelihood.
Drought Almost all areas, especially the Northwest region of the country Loss of agricultural production, stress on national economy and disruption in life style.
Flash Flood Haor Basins of the North-east region and South-eastern hilly areas Damage of standing crops, disruption in life style, evacuation and destruction of properties.
Hail Storm and Lightning Any part of the country Damage and destruction of property, damage and destruction of subsistence and cash crops and loss of livelihood
Erosion Banks of the Brahmaputra-Jamuna, the Ganges-Padma and the Meghna river systems Loss of land, displacement of human population and livestock, disruption of production, evacuation and loss of property
Landslide Chittagong and Chittagong Hill Tracts Loss of land, displacement of human population and livestock, evacuation, damage of property and loss of life
Earthquake Northern and central parts of the country Damage and destruction of property, loss of life and change in geomorphology of land surface.
Flood is a recurring phenomenon in the country, locally termed as Bonna or Borsha based on the intensity of monsoon rain, magnitude and time of occurrence. When the flood water damage resources, and disrupt communication and livelihood systems, then it is treated as Bonna.
Bangladesh gets damaging floods like that of 1988, which bring untold sufferings to millions of people, and result in human deaths, loss of livestock, spread of diseases and hunger, damaged standing crops, destroyed physical and economic infrastructures, damaged fish and shrimp ponds and hatcheries, etc. Cyclone and storm surges occur frequently and cause significant destruction in the coastal areas of the country.
Tornadoes also frequently hit different places. Tropical cyclones and tornadoes uproot trees, telephone, telegraph and electricity lines, destroy bridges, culverts, and houses, kill people and domestic animals, leaving serious and adverse effects on the economy as well as on the whole environment.
Although this country with monsoon climate has enough rain, droughts frequently take a significant portion out of the agricultural economy of Bangladesh, and cause hunger, instability, and insecurity. The northwestern part of the country is vulnerable to drought.
Disastrous erosions are mainly associated with the major river systems of the country and are seen along these river banks i.e., the Brahmaputra- Jamuna, the Ganges-Padma, the Lower Meghna, and other rivers. The effects of a natural disaster or a combination of more than one natural disaster may be direct loss of life, and certainly damage to physical properties.
This requires large resources for disaster management including mitigation, recovery and preparedness. Therefore, the consequences of these natural hazards and the resulting environmental degradation pose a serious threat to the economic development of the country. The situation calls for an effective disaster warning and dissemination system. A timely and accurate alert system about impending disasters will help reduce the loss of life and property (Pramanik, 1991).
Natural disasters cannot be prevented, but the damage can be mitigated with adequate planning and adaptation. The impacts of these disasters vary with their type and magnitude. They also critically depend on institutional strength and response by the different agencies that usually take measures to mitigate and eventually overcome the losses, such as the government and other civil service organizations.
Geophysical Disaster

PRESSURES

It has often been pointed out that the worst disasters in the world tend to occur between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, which is coincidentally the area that contains the poorer countries (Carter, 1991).
This applies to Bangladesh where the cause of natural disasters is its geographical setting. The lofty Himalayas in the north, and the funnel-like shape of the Bay of Bengal in the south, have made Bangladesh one of the worst victims of the catastrophic ravages of natural disasters like floods, cyclones, storm surges, droughts, etc.
Various anthropogenic activities contribute to worsen the situation. Due to recurring disasters, the country is subject to food shortages in spite of its fertile land, network of rivers, subtropical monsoon climate, and hard working people. A large part of the population is dependent on agricultural production. But harvesting of product is often affected by extreme natural events and the weather patterns frequently associated with them.
The pressures on the environment that exacerbate the natural disasters in Bangladesh are summarized in Table below and some are described briefly below. Table : Pressures, State, Impacts and Responses of Natural Disaster
Issue Pressure/Cause Impacts Responses
Flood ·   Excess flow in monsoon ·   Improper infrastructural development ·   92 per cent of the total catchments area across the boarder ·   Drainage congestion due to river bed siltation ·   Deforestation in upper catchment area ·  Disruption of communication and livelihood system ·   Loss of agricultural production ·  Disruption of essential services ·  National economic loss ·  Loss of human lives and biodiversity ·   CDMP (Comprehensive Disaster Management Program) ·   FAP (Flood Action Plan) ·   National Water Policy ·   Flood forecast and inundation modeling ·   Dredging of river bed ·   Construction of embankments with sluice gates
Drought ·   Less and uneven rainfall in dry season and wet season ·   Non-availability of surface water in dry season ·   Fluctuation of Ground Water table ·  Loss of agricultural production ·  Stress on national economy due to bad harvesting ·  Disruption of life style ·  Reduction of fresh water fish production ·   Agricultural research and extention works ·   Intensive Afforestation Program ·   Re-excavation of channels and ponds in rural areas · Augmentation of surface water flow ·   Construction of water reservoir
Cyclone & Storm surge ·   Geographical setting of Bangladesh ·   Coastal configurations and bathymetry of the Bay of Bengal ·   Location of ITCZ near the equator and its shifting with the apparent movement of the sun across the Bay ·  Disruption of communication and livelihood system ·  Damage and destruction of property ·  Environmental degradation ·  Loss of lives and agricultural production ·  National economic loss warning dissemination system ·   CDMP (Comprehensive Disaster Management Program) ·   Strengthening of CPP (Cyclone Preparedness Program) ·   Local Disaster Action Plans for the grassroot levels along the coastal belt ·   Awareness building programs for the target group ·   Reliable and timely warning and effective
Tornado ·   Intense ground heating and low level moisture incursion from the Bay of Bengal during pre and post monsoon ·   Conjugation of western disturbance with locally developed low pressure ·  Loss of lives and biodiversity. ·  Destruction of property and damage of cash crops ·  Damage to essential services ·  National economic loss and loss of livelihood ·   Proper radar network ·   Reliable and timely forecast capability for severe nor’wester ·   Awareness building programs ·   Quick search and rescue system
Earthquake ·   Geographical location of Bangladesh having major and moderate faults ·  Damage and destruction of property ·  Loss of lives and disruption of life style ·   Proper implementation of Building code (1993) ·   Inventory of equipment for rescue operation

ITCZ

The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is the area encircling the earth near the equator where winds originating in the northern and southern hemispheres come together. where the trade winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres come together. The intense sun and warm water of the equator heats the air in the ITCZ, raising its humidity and causing it to rise.
As the air rises it cools, releasing the accumulated moisture in an almost perpetual series of thunderstorms. Variation in the location of the ITCZ drastically affects rainfall in many equatorial nations, resulting in the wet and dry seasons of the tropics rather than the cold and warm seasons of higher latitudes. Longer term changes in the ITCZ can result in severe droughts or flooding in nearby areas.
The ITCZ was originally identified from the 1920s to the 1940s as the “Intertropical Front” (ITF), but after the recognition in the 1940s and 1950s of the significance of wind field convergence in tropical weather production, the term “ITCZ” was then applied. Where the ITCZ is drawn into and merges with a monsoonal circulation, it is sometimes referred to as a monsoon trough, a usage more common in Australia and parts of Asia.
The ITCZ appears as a band of clouds, usually thunderstorms, that circle the globe near the equator. In the Northern Hemisphere, the trade winds move in a southwesterly direction, while in the Southern Hemisphere, they move northwesterly. The point at which the trade winds converge forces the air up into the atmosphere, forming the ITCZ.
The tendency for thunderstorms in the tropics is to be short in their duration, but can produce intense rainfall. It is estimated that 40 percent of all tropical rainfall rates exceed 25 mm per hour (one inch per hour). Greatest rainfall typically occurs when the midday Sun is overhead. On the equator this occurs twice a year in March and September, and consequently there are two wet and two dry seasons.
The Intertropical Convergence Zone, or ITCZ, is the region that circles the Earth, near the equator, Further away from the equator, the two rainy seasons merge into one, with one wet season and one dry season. In the Northern Hemisphere, the wet season occurs from May to July, in the Southern Hemisphere from November to February.[2] The location of the intertropical convergence zone varies over time.
Over land, it moves back and forth across the equator following the sun’s zenith point. Over the oceans, where the convergence zone is better defined, the seasonal cycle is more subtle, as the convection is constrained by the distribution of ocean temperatures. Sometimes, a double ITCZ forms, with one located north and another south of the equator. When this occurs, a narrow ridge of high pressure forms between the two convergence zones, one of which is usually stronger than the other.

Western Disturbance

Western Disturbance is the term used in India, Pakistan and Nepal to describe an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean, that brings sudden winter rain and snow to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. This is a non-monsoonal precipitation pattern driven by the Westerlies. The moisture in these storms usually originates over the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.
Extratropical storms are a global, rather than a localized, phenomena with moisture usually carried in the upper atmosphere (unlike tropical storms where it is carried in the lower atmosphere). In the case of the subcontinent, moisture is sometimes shed as rain when the storm system encounters the Himalayas. Western Disturbances are important to the development of the Rabi crop in the northern subcontinent, which includes the locally important staple wheat.
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